"The Sacrament of Apostolic Ministry
by which the mission entrusted by Christ to his Apostles continues
to be exercised
in the Church through the laying on of hands. This sacrament
has three distinct degrees or 'orders': deacon, priest, and bishop.
All three confer a permanent, sacramental character" (Catechism
of the Catholic Church,536).
"The whole Church is a priestly people.
Through Baptism all the faithful share in the priesthood of
Christ. This participation
is called the 'common priesthood of the faithful.' Based on this
common priesthood and ordered to its service, there exists another
participation in the mission of Christ: the ministry conferred
by the sacrament of Holy Orders, where the task is to serve in
the name and in the person of Christ the Head in the midst of
the community" (Catechism, 1591).
There are two sacraments at the service of communion: Holy Orders
and Holy Matrimony. Both of these sacraments confer a special
grace directed not towards the salvation of the one who receives
the sacrament, but to the salvation of those who are served by
the one ordained or married. In Baptism and Confirmation, we
are consecrated or set apart from the world by God and for God;
in Holy Orders and Holy Matrimony we receive another consecration.
Bishops, priests, and deacons are consecrated to feed the Church
by the Word and grace of God, and spouses are consecrated for
the duties and dignity of marital love and family life.
Holy Orders is the sacrament through which
the messianic mission of Christ continues in His Church until
the end of time. The
three degrees of this one sacrament (episcopate, presbyterate,
and diaconate) are a participation in the apostolic offices of
teaching, sanctifying, and governing given by the Lord Jesus
to the Twelve. In Roman law, the word "order" designated
a group or civil body within society, and "ordination" means
incorporation into an "order."
Sacred Scripture describes to us the three
offices of ministry proper to the New Covenant, and each of
these offices constitutes
a single such "order" in the Church: the Order of Bishops,
the Order of Priests (or Presbyters), and the Order of Deacons.
A baptized man is ordained into one of these three Orders by
a prayer of consecration and the laying on of hands by a true
bishop in apostolic succession, and this liturgical action of
Christ and the Church confers on the one ordained the sacred
power to preach the Word of God and administer the other sacraments,
according to the station of each Order. Bishops and presbyters
share by different degrees in the one ministerial priesthood
of the New Covenant; by their consecration, bishops and priests
are configured to the Lord Jesus in such a way that they can
act in His Person in the sacred liturgy and stand in the Person
of Christ, Head and Bridegroom of the Church. The ministerial
priesthood has the task of representing Christ the Head of the
Church before the whole assembly and also of acting in the name
of the whole Church when offering to God the prayer of the Church.
Deacons are ordained unto a ministry of service, but not to the
priesthood. Deacons assist bishops and priests in the celebration
of the sacred mysteries, in works of charity, in blessing marriages,
in the proclamation of the Gospel, in administering baptism,
and in presiding over funerals.
Besides Holy Orders some of us are called by God to become Religious
priests, brothers, and sisters. As a religious we make a vow
commitment just like marriage to serve Christ and the Church
faithfully in community with others. The three principle vows
that a Religious take are the vows of Chastity, Obedience, and
Proverty.